MAAFEU-Net: A Novel Land Use Classification Model Based on Mixed Attention Module and Adjustable Feature Enhancement Layer in Remote Sensing Images

The classification of land use information is important for land resource management. With the purpose of extracting precise spatial information, we present a novel land use classification model based on a mixed attention module and adjustable feature enhancement layer (MAAFEU-net). Our unique design, the mixed attention module, allows the model to concentrate on target-specific discriminative features and capture class-related features within different land use types. In addition, an adjustable feature enhancement layer is proposed to further enhance the classification ability of similar types. We assess the performance of this model using the publicly available GID dataset and the self-built Gwadar dataset. Six semantic segmentation deep networks are used for comparison. The experimental results show that the F1 score of MAAFEU-net is 2.16% and 2.3% higher than the next model and that MIoU is 3.15% and 3.62% higher than the next model. The results of the ablation experiments show that the mixed attention module improves the MIoU by 5.83% and the addition of the adjustable feature enhancement layer can further improve it by 5.58%. Both structures effectively improve the accuracy of the overall land use classification. The validation results show that MAAFEU-net can obtain land use classification images with high precision.