THE ROLE OF NEUROGLOBIN IN CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA / HYPOXIA AND OTHER NEUROPATHOLOGY

The aim of the study was to summarize literature data on the localization, functions and role of neuroglobin in ischemia / hypoxia of the brain and neuropathology of different genesis. Results: neuroglobin is a representative of the globin family of the nervous system proteins, involved in maintaining of gas homeostasis of nerve cells. It serves for the deposition and transfer of oxygen to the mitochondria of neurons, and in the presence of pathology it can prevent neurodegeneration through antioxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Neuroglobin is involved in the binding and neutralizing of active forms of oxygen and nitrogen, the amount of which increases with the development of cerebral ischemia / hypoxia; it supports ion homeostasis and energy metabolism of the cell, acting as a neuroprotector and regulator of cellular respiration. Studying of the changes in neuroglobin expression in ischemia / hypoxia of the brain and other neuropathology is an actual task, since the violation of its neuroprotective mechanisms serves as a pathogenetic mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases.