Risk factors of premature coronary artery disease in women in Kashgar area

Objective To identify the risk factors of women with premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) in the Kashgar area, mainly Uyghur residents, providing evidence for effective prevention and treatment of PCAD in this region. Methods Two hundred and forty-four Uighur females in Kashgar area who were hospitalized for coronary angiography (CAG) were enrolled. According to the results of CAG and ages, they were divided into three groups： 69 cases in the control group, 104 cases in the PCAD group, and 71 cases in the late-onset coronary artery disease group. Clinical data were compared among three groups. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors of PCAD. Results The mean age of onset in the PCAD group was (54.25±6.97) years, and 42.3% of them were admitted due to AMI, accounting for 59.4% in patients with coronary heart disease. Compared with the control group, patients with PCAD had higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and higher levels of CHOL, TG, APO-B, Hcy and GLU, whereas lower levels of ALB and HGB (all P < 0.05), while compared with the late-onset coronary artery disease group, PCAD group had a lower level of Cys-C, but higher levels of ALB and APO-B, and there was no significant difference in other indicators between two groups (all P > 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus [OR = 4.349, 95%CI(1.411, 13.402)], hypertension [OR = 3.121, 95%CI(1.467, 6.639)], APO-B/APO-A1 ratio [OR = 5.603, 95%CI(1.128, 27.838)], Hcy [OR =1.188, 95%CI(1.070, 1.318)] were the independent risk factors of PCAD. Conclusions The onset of coronary heart disease is relatively common in female patients aged < 65 years. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, high APO-B/APO-A1 ratio and high Hcy level are the independent risk factors for women with PCAD in Kashgar area. Early screening and intervention are needed to prevent PCAD in Kashgar area.