Blockchain-Assisted Cross-Platform Authentication Protocol With Conditional Traceability for Metaverse Environment in Web 3.0

The preface of the permeated metaverse together with Web 3.0, has confluenced virtual and physical reality and can revolutionize social networks, healthcare, gaming and the educational system. Unfortunately, this assimilation has divulged ways for physical and virtual-reality-synthesized security threats like avatar impersonation and sybil attacks. Furthermore, the divergence in metaverse platforms and the involvement of central intermediaries prompted the demand for interoperability, security provisions and decentralization. Therefore, this paper projects a blockchain-integrated authentication protocol for a seamless interface in a cross-platform metaverse network with Web 3.0. The proposed mechanisms are structured for user and avatar authentication within cross-platforms while furnishing conditional traceability, an avatar-update phase and a revocation phase. The blockchain network hinges on characteristics of a consortium blockchain and the voting-based Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) consensus algorithm. The security of the proposed network is displayed by harnessing the Real-or-Random (RoR) oracle model and informal analysis. The operational effectiveness of the suggested system is gauged through an assessment of relevant existing work based on metrics such as communication, bandwidth, and computational costs. The study’s results indicate that the proposed system exhibits better computation and communication overhead compared to other systems, making it well-suited for metaverse applications in Web 3.0.