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mRNA Profiling and Transcriptomics Analysis of Chickens Received Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype II and Genotype VII Vaccines

Authors :
Putri Pandarangga
Phuong Thi Kim Doan
Rick Tearle
Wai Yee Low
Yan Ren
Hanh Thi Hong Nguyen
Niluh Indi Dharmayanti
Farhid Hemmatzadeh
Source :
Pathogens, Vol 13, Iss 8, p 638 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) genotype VII (GVII) is becoming the predominant strain of NDV in the poultry industry. It causes high mortality even in vaccinated chickens with a common NDV genotype II vaccine (GII-vacc). To overcome this, the killed GVII vaccine has been used to prevent NDV outbreaks. However, the debate about vaccine differences remains ongoing. Hence, this study investigated the difference in chickens’ responses to the two vaccines at the molecular level. The spleen transcriptomes from vaccinated chickens reveal that GVII-vacc affected the immune response by downregulating neuroinflammation. It also enhanced a synaptogenesis pathway that operates typically in the nervous system, suggesting a mechanism for the neurotrophic effect of this strain. We speculated that the down-regulated immune system regulation correlated with protecting the nervous system from excess leukocytes and cytokine activity. In contrast, GII-vacc inhibited apoptosis by downregulating PERK/ATF4/CHOP as part of the unfolded protein response pathway but did not affect the expression of the same synaptogenesis pathway. Thus, the application of GVII-vacc needs to be considered in countries where GVII is the leading cause of NDV outbreaks. The predicted molecular signatures may also be used in developing new vaccines that trigger specific genes in the immune system in combating NDV outbreaks.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20760817
Volume :
13
Issue :
8
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Pathogens
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.b1e26fde5d08446aab62745cf963ebd4
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13080638