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No Evidence of an Association between Genetic Factors Affecting Response to Vitamin A Supplementation and Myopia: A Mendelian Randomization Study and Meta-Analysis
- Source :
- Nutrients, Vol 16, Iss 12, p 1933 (2024)
- Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2024.
-
Abstract
- The relationship between vitamin A supplementation and myopia has been a topic of debate, with conflicting and inconclusive findings. We aimed to determine whether there is a causal relationship between vitamin A supplementation and the risk of myopia using Mendelian randomization (MR) and meta-analytical methods. Genetic variants from the UK Biobank and FinnGen studies associated with the response to vitamin A supplementation were employed as instrumental variables to evaluate the causal relationship between vitamin A supplementation and myopia. Fixed-effects meta-analysis was then used to combine MR estimates from multiple sources for each outcome. The meta-analysis of MR results found no convincing evidence to support a direct causal relationship between vitamin A supplementation and myopia risk (odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.82–1.20, I2 = 0%, p = 0.40). The analysis of three out of the four sets of MR analyses indicated no direction of causal effect, whereas the other set of results suggested that higher vitamin A supplementation was associated with a lower risk of myopia (OR = 0.002, 95% CI 1.17 × 10−6–3.099, p = 0.096). This comprehensive MR study and meta-analysis did not find valid evidence of a direct association between vitamin A supplementation and myopia. Vitamin A supplementation may not have an independent effect on myopia, but intraocular processes associated with vitamin A may indirectly contribute to its development.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20726643
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Nutrients
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.b00e6c978d3c42929213443a82eb449c
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121933