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Haloadaptative Responses of Aspergillus sydowii to Extreme Water Deprivation: Morphology, Compatible Solutes, and Oxidative Stress at NaCl Saturation

Authors :
Irina Jiménez-Gómez
Gisell Valdés-Muñoz
Tonatiuh Moreno-Perlin
Rosa R. Mouriño-Pérez
María del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente
Jorge Luis Folch-Mallol
Yordanis Pérez-Llano
Nina Gunde-Cimerman
Nilda del C. Sánchez
Ramón Alberto Batista-García
Source :
Journal of Fungi, Vol 6, Iss 4, p 316 (2020)
Publication Year :
2020
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2020.

Abstract

Water activity (aw) is critical for microbial growth, as it is severely restricted at aw < 0.90. Saturating NaCl concentrations (~5.0 M) induce extreme water deprivation (aw ≅ 0.75) and cellular stress responses. Halophilic fungi have cellular adaptations that enable osmotic balance and ionic/oxidative stress prevention to grow at high salinity. Here we studied the morphology, osmolyte synthesis, and oxidative stress defenses of the halophile Aspergillus sydowii EXF-12860 at 1.0 M and 5.13 M NaCl. Colony growth, pigmentation, exudate, and spore production were inhibited at NaCl-saturated media. Additionally, hyphae showed unpolarized growth, lower diameter, and increased septation, multicellularity and branching compared to optimal NaCl concentration. Trehalose, mannitol, arabitol, erythritol, and glycerol were produced in the presence of both 1.0 M and 5.13 M NaCl. Exposing A. sydowii cells to 5.13 M NaCl resulted in oxidative stress evidenced by an increase in antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation biomarkers. Also, genes involved in cellular antioxidant defense systems were upregulated. This is the most comprehensive study that investigates the micromorphology and the adaptative cellular response of different non-enzymatic and enzymatic oxidative stress biomarkers in halophilic filamentous fungi.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2309608X
Volume :
6
Issue :
4
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Journal of Fungi
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.9ff2a1cf50a0470788122ff7b1620086
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040316