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Circulating serogroups of Leptospira in swine from a 7-year study in France (2011–2017)

Authors :
Jeanne Naudet
Laurent Crespin
Julien Cappelle
Angeli Kodjo
Florence Ayral
Source :
Porcine Health Management, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
BMC, 2022.

Abstract

Abstract Background Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira and is responsible for significant economic porcine livestock losses. Knowledge of Leptospira serogroups and their distributions is important for evaluation of the relevance of leptospirosis management measures, including use of the prophylactic vaccine that was recently made available in France. A retrospective study was conducted to determine the relationships between different circulating Leptospira serogroups. Pigs from across France presenting clinical signs suggestive of leptospirosis were tested with the microagglutination test (MAT) between 2011 and 2017. We used weighted averages to determine serogroup distributions according to MAT results and considering cross-reactions. Results A total of 19,395 pig sera, mostly from Brittany, were tested, and 22.7% were found to be positive for at least one Leptospira serogroup. Analysis of the 4,346 seropositive results for which the putative infective serogroup could be defined, revealed that two out of ten serogroups were much more frequent than the others: Australis (48.5%) and Icterohaemorrhagiae (38.2%). Other serogroups, including Autumnalis, Panama, Ballum, Tarassovi, Sejroe, Grippotyphosa, Bataviae, and Pomona, were less common. Conclusions Although diagnostic laboratory data cannot be extrapolated to infer the distribution of Leptospira serogroups at the nationwide scale in France, the analysis of such data can provide an overview of the relationship between circulating Leptospira serogroups in space and time. During the last decade, protection against the serogroups Australis and Icterohaemorrhagiae would have prevented most of the clinical porcine leptospirosis cases in the large number of farms that we studied. In the future, epidemiological information related to circulating Leptospira serogroups should be extracted from data with a standardized approach for use in nationwide or international surveillance and prophylactic strategy support.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20555660
Volume :
8
Issue :
1
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Porcine Health Management
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.9e56d090d2248b086aa3757fdc59783
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-022-00257-y