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Cryptococcus neoformans Δsgl1 Vaccination Requires Either CD4+ or CD8+ T Cells for Complete Host Protection
- Source :
- Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Frontiers Media S.A., 2021.
-
Abstract
- Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen causing life-threatening meningoencephalitis in susceptible individuals. Fungal vaccine development has been hampered by the fact that cryptococcosis occurs during immunodeficiency. We previously reported that a C. neoformans mutant (Δsgl1) accumulating sterylglucosides (SGs) is avirulent and provides complete protection to WT challenge, even under CD4+ T cell depletion, an immunodeficient condition commonly associated with cryptococcosis. We found high levels of SGs in the lungs post-immunization with Δsgl1 that decreased upon fungal clearance. Th1 cytokines increased whereas Th2 cytokines concurrently decreased, coinciding with a large recruitment of leukocytes to the lungs. Depletion of B or CD8+ T cells did not affect either Δsgl1 clearance or protection from WT challenge. Although CD4+ T cell depletion affected clearance, mice were still protected indicating that clearance of the mutant was not necessary for host protection. Protection was lost only when both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were depleted, highlighting a previously unexplored role of fungal-derived SGs as an immunoadjuvant for host protection against cryptococcosis.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22352988
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.9ddd2cafa4884b4292588f6d0c5ecd06
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2021.739027