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Limitations of Structural Insight into Ultrafast Melting of Solid Materials with X-ray Diffraction Imaging

Authors :
Victor Tkachenko
Malik M. Abdullah
Zoltan Jurek
Nikita Medvedev
Vladimir Lipp
Mikako Makita
Beata Ziaja
Source :
Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 11, p 5157 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

In this work, we analyze the application of X-ray diffraction imaging techniques to follow ultrafast structural transitions in solid materials using the example of an X-ray pump–X-ray probe experiment with a single-crystal silicon performed at a Linac Coherent Light Source. Due to the spatially non-uniform profile of the X-ray beam, the diffractive signal recorded in this experiment included contributions from crystal parts experiencing different fluences from the peak fluence down to zero. With our theoretical model, we could identify specific processes contributing to the silicon melting in those crystal regions, i.e., the non-thermal and thermal melting whose occurrences depended on the locally absorbed X-ray doses. We then constructed the total volume-integrated signal by summing up the coherent signal contributions (amplitudes) from the various crystal regions and found that this significantly differed from the signals obtained for a few selected uniform fluence values, including the peak fluence. This shows that the diffraction imaging signal obtained for a structurally damaged material after an impact of a non-uniform X-ray pump pulse cannot be always interpreted as the material’s response to a pulse of a specific (e.g., peak) fluence as it is sometimes believed. This observation has to be taken into account in planning and interpreting future experiments investigating structural changes in materials with X-ray diffraction imaging.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
11115157 and 20763417
Volume :
11
Issue :
11
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Applied Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.9d7f588cc364413bc8e418848ac9826
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115157