浓香菜籽油SiO2脱胶工艺优化及品质分析Optimization and quality analysis of SiO2 degumming process for fragrant rapeseed oil

为进一步验证SiO2脱胶工艺的可行性，以浓香菜籽原油为研究对象，以磷脂脱除率为评价指标，采用单因素实验和响应面实验对SiO2脱胶工艺进行优化，并对比分析了SiO2脱胶工艺与传统水化脱胶工艺得到的脱胶浓香菜籽油品质。结果表明：在SiO2添加量2.25%、脱胶温度35 ℃、脱胶时间22 min、搅拌速度107 r/min条件下，脱胶效果最优，此时脱胶油中磷脂含量为1 719.61 mg/kg，磷脂脱除率达到86.1%；SiO2脱胶油与水化脱胶油的酸值、过氧化值、水分及挥发物含量均无显著差异（p＞0.05），而SiO2脱胶油中总酚及Canolol含量均显著低于水化脱胶油的（p＜0.05），SiO2脱胶油的亮度和磷脂脱除率均显著高于水化脱胶油的（p＜0.05）。对于非水化磷脂比例较高的浓香菜籽油，SiO2脱胶相比于传统水化脱胶可能具有更好的脱胶效果，可以作为传统水化脱胶方法的补充。 To further verify the feasibility of SiO2 degumming process, the crude fragrant rapeseed oil was taken as the object of study, and the phospholipid removal rate was used as the evaluation index to optimize the degumming process using single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The quality of the degummed fragrant rapeseed oil obtained by SiO2 degumming process was compared with that obtained by the traditional hydration degumming process. The results showed that the optimal phospholipid removal rate reached 86.1% when the SiO2 dosage was 2.25%, the degumming temperature was 35 ℃, the degumming time was 22 min, and the stirring speed was 107 r/min, and the phospholipid content in the degummed oil was 1 719.61 mg/kg. There was no significant difference in acid value, peroxide value, and moisture and volatile content between SiO2-degummed oil and hydration-degummed oil (p>0.05). The contents of total phenols and Canolol in the SiO2-degummed oil was significantly lower than that in the hydration-degummed oil(p