Research on Jupiter's magnetic field: Review and prospect

The internal structure and dynamics of different planets are different, so some planets have an intrinsic magnetic field, and some have not yet found an intrinsic magnetic field. A planet's intrinsic magnetic field or atmosphere interacts with the solar wind forming a magnetosphere or induced magnetosphere, respectively. Different magnetic fields, atmospheres and moons in planetary systems will form different space environments around the planets, which will have different effects on the evolution of the planets. The detection of planetary magnetic field is of great significance for understanding the internal structure and dynamics, space environment and evolution process of planets, so the planetary magnetic field is often one of the main physical quantities concerned by planetary exploration. In the detection of Jupiter's magnetic field, it was found that Jupiter has the largest magnetic moment and magnetosphere among the planetary systems in the solar system, and the magnetic field of Jupiter shows obvious hemispherical difference, magnetic anomaly areas (the Great Blue Spot) and other non-dipole features. Besides, the internal structure of Jupiter is significantly different from the Earth, which makes the structure and dynamics of Jupiter's dynamo difficult to confirm. This paper reviews the research history of Jupiter's magnetic field, introduces the current cognition of Jupiter's magnetic field mainly based on the research in the Juno era, and prospects the future research and exploration of Jupiter's magnetic field. It is suggested that the probe into Jupiter's atmosphere should be carried in the future Jupiter exploration, and the magnetic field detection instrument should be loaded on the probe. This enabled the first in-situ detection of Jupiter's magnetic field in the atmosphere.