Nonlinear Behavior of Thermal Lagging in Laser-Irradiated Layered Tissue

This work theoretically studies the temperature rise behavior in laser-irradiated layered tissue, which was stratified into skin, fat, and muscle. Taking the effect of microstructural interaction into account, a modified non-Fourier equation of bioheat transfer was developed based on the nonlinear form of the dual-phase-lag model. The broad beam irradiation method was adopted to calculate the laser energy deposition in tissues. The nonlinear high order partial differential equation and the complicated boundary conditions at the interface between two adjacent layers cause some mathematical difficulties. It is not easy to deal with such a problem. Therefore, a hybrid numerical scheme has been proposed to solve the present problem. The comparison between the linear and nonlinear effects of phase lag times on bioheat transfer has been made.