A quantitative and non-invasive method for nanoparticle translocation and toxicity evaluation in a human airway barrier model

Human exposure to environmental nanoparticles (NPs) may result in systemic distribution and accumulation of NPs. Depending on exposure conditions and their physiochemical properties, NPs could cross biological barriers and reach vital organs. This method describes an analytical technique that quantifies the nanoparticles’ translocation through a sample human airway barrier. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were used as the example nanoparticles due to their common use in nanotechnology. The analytical method introduced in this study allows mass measurements of both cellular uptake and translocation of AgNPs through the modeled barrier. Additionally, cytotoxicity was evaluated using a convenient assay to investigate adverse effects from AgNPs treatment. The assay measures cellular injury from each layer in the barrier independently. The assay does not engage cells physically for chemical reaction, therefore it is non-destructive to the model, and the model can be used for other purposes subsequently. To conclude, this study provides researchers with measurable tools for evaluating the translocation, cellular trafficking, uptake and toxic effects of metallic nanoparticles in the in vitro barrier format. • Quantitative evaluation of nanoparticles translocation through human airway barrier • Non-invasive and quantifiable toxicity evaluation for co-culture models