Balloon kyphoplasty for surgical treatment of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas (literature review)

Introduction Aggressive vertebral hemangiomas occur in 10–11.5 % of the working-age population that determines social significance of the disease. Percutaneous vertebroplasty technique is normally used for the treatment of aggressive spinal hemangiomas. Cement leakage is the most common complication during vertebroplasty (40–87. 5 %). Balloon kyphoplasty is associated with a low incidence of cement leakage. Objective We aimed to analyze literature and summarize information on balloon kyphoplasty used to treat aggressive spinal hemangiomas. Material and methods The original literature search was conducted on key resources including PubMed and GoogleScholar. Literature searches included both Russian and English studies based on keywords. Results and discussion The article presents the main results of balloon kyphoplasty used as a standalone procedure and in combination with other methods of surgical treatment of aggressive spinal hemangiomas. The use of balloon kyphoplasty was shown to reduce the risk of extraspinal cement leakage. However, this aspect is represented by a small number of scientific publications in the current medical literature that emphasizes the relevance of the topic raised. Conclusion Despite the variety of available treatment options, the optimal management strategy remains controversial for aggressive forms of vertebral hemangiomas. There are no well-defined criteria and indications reported recently to be included into a well-structured algorithm for of balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of aggressive spinal hemangiomas, and therefore the debatable questions need further investigation.