40 bilinear relations of q-Painlevé VI from N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 super Chern-Simons theory

Abstract We investigate partition functions of the circular-quiver supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory which corresponds to the q-deformed Painlevé VI equation. From the partition functions with the lowest rank vanishing, where the circular quiver reduces to a linear one, we find 40 bilinear relations. The bilinear relations extend naturally to higher ranks if we regard these partition functions as those in the lowest order of the grand canonical partition functions in the fugacity. Furthermore, we show that these bilinear relations are a powerful tool to determine some unknown partition functions. We also elaborate the relation with some previous works on q-Painlevé equations.