Phase Diagram of The Ni-Co-Cu System by Thermal Analysis

To provide more reliable data, liquidus lines and solidus lines of the Ni-Co-Cu system in the temperature range from 1400 to 1750K were determined by Thermogravimetry-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA). The liquidus lines and the solidus lines were determined for low Cu and high Ni compositions, for which data were lacking in previous studies. The obtained results can be used to determine the temperature required to melt the metal obtained by reducing waste lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in the high-temperature metallurgical process of metal recycling from waste LIBs.