Internal coolant circulation-based tool design to reduce the temperature and heat spreading when turning SUS304 Stainless Steel

The main study objective was to evaluate the influence of the perspective "Internal" (coolant is supplied to the channel inside the indexable insert body) and "Combined" (coolant is supplied to the rake and flank faces through the channel inside the indexable insert body) Cooling Schemes on the temperature of the contact point between the tool and the workpiece, on the heat distribution inside the indexable insert body, and (additionally) on the cutting forces. The contact point temperature and cutting forces were investigated during the non-orthogonal turning of SUS304 Stainless Steel at speeds of 180, 140, and 100 m/min with constant feed and depth of cut. The heat distribution was examined through 2D simulations using DEFORM 2D3D software. The evaluation of the perspective cooling schemes' influence on the selected parameters was performed by comparing the obtained data with the test results of the "traditional" external cooling and dry cutting under similar cutting modes. According to the comparison results, the perspective cooling schemes demonstrated a slight decrease (~3-7%) in the temperature of the contact point between the tool and the workpiece, a significant decrease in the heat distribution (~38-55%) inside the indexable insert body and, in some cases, a decrease of the cutting forces. Based on the study results, the authors confirmed the influence of perspective cooling schemes on the selected parameters and suggested a further positive effect of these schemes' utilization on the cutting tool life.