Effect of Phyllanthus emblica L. stem bark extract on diabetic nephropathy and hyperlipidemia in rats

Context: Phyllanthus emblica stem barks are rich in antioxidants, but its utilization for antidiabetic and diabetic complications remains understudied. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of extracts from P. emblica stem barks in improving diabetic nephropathy and hyperlipidemia in vivo. Methods: P. emblica stem bark powder was dried and macerated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol simultaneously. The diabetic condition was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in male Wistar rats. Treatment interventions included the oral administration of metformin (60 mg/kg body weight) or P. emblica stem bark extracts (200 mg/kg) once a day, where the fasting blood glucose (FBG) and total cholesterol levels were measured before and after the treatment. Results: Rats receiving the ethyl acetate extract exhibited a significantly lower FBG than the control (113.7 ± 15.04 versus 195 ± 19.97 mg/dL; p