Application of Electrochemically Switched Ion Exchange to the Extraction of Lithium ions with High Selectivity Using Nanorod LiV3O8

LiV3O8 with nanorod structure was prepared by hydrothermal-solid method. In this work, the structure and morphology of LiV3O8 were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, XPS, etc., and the electrochemically switched ion exchange (ESIX) performance of LiV3O8 synthesized at different calcination temperatures was investigated. The experiment results show that LiV3O8 calcined at 500 ℃ had evenly nanorod morphological structure and the best electrochemical performance. The lithium ion adsorption capacity of LiV3O8 film reached 36.36 mg/g at 100 mg/L Li+ solution by ESIX technology. Moreover, LiV3O8 exhibited high selectivity and stability towards Li+. The selectivity factors of Li+/K+ and Li+/Mg2+ reached 38.43 and 4.75, respectively, when the initial molar ratios of Li+/K+/Mg2+ is 1∶1∶1. The lithium ion adsorption capacity of LiV3O8 film still maintained 98.3% of the initial value after 5 cycles.