The Relationship Between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Bedtime Procrastination

Background/Aims: We aimed to examine the relationship between attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and bedtime procrastination. Materials and Methods: Five hundred fifty-three university students participated in our study. All participants, in turn, answered the sociodemographic data form, The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1), Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). All participants were divided into two groups, probable ADHD and non-ADHD, according to the ASRS score. We compared sociodemographic data, sleep routines, and psychometric scales between these two groups. Finally, we analyzed the factors that could predict bedtime procrastination by hierarchical regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.55 ± 2.17. Most participants were female and unmarried (69.6% and 98.2%, respectively). BPS, ISI, and ASRS scores were significantly higher in the ADHD group than in the non-ADHD group (p < 0.01). BSCS score was significantly lower in the ADHD group than in the non-ADHD group (p < 0.01). Sleep duration was significantly lower in the ADHD group than in the non-ADHD group (p < 0.01). The correlation coefficients between ASRS and ISI, BPS, and BSCS were 0.461, 0.268, and -0.442, respectively (p < 0.01). Self-control and ADHD symptoms separately predicted bedtime procrastination with approximately the same variance (%4 vs. %3.9). Conclusions: Clinicians should evaluate bedtime procrastination in individuals with adult ADHD by clinical interview or BPS. Individuals with adult ADHD with bedtime procrastination should be assisted with cognitive behavioral therapy-insomnia and sleep hygiene.