High genetic diversity and weak population structure of Leptobotia elongata from different markers

To study genetic diversity and population structure of Leptobotia elongata in China, nine populations in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River (Lizhuang (LZ), Jiangnan (JN), Yalong (YL), Xuifeng (XF), Chengjiang (CJ), Xiqu (XQ), Chuxiong (CX), Shizhu (SZ), and Pingshan (PS)) were analogized base on D-Loop gene and nuclear gene. The results showed that 81 mutation sites and 64 haplotypes were detected in 246 D-Loop sequences, and the average haplotype diversity (Hd) and average nucleotide diversity (Pi) were 0.878 and 0.0029, respectively. For L. elongata population, the average number of Alleles per locus was 6.68, the average PIC of each locus was 0.818, the average Shannon index was 1.28, the average Ho was 0.798, and the average He was 0.844. Molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) showed that Fst > 0.5, There were no individuals independently assigned to one group, and individuals at each sampling site showed similar patterns, with no significantly differentiated geographical groups in Structure analysis. These results can provide an important scientific basis for the protection of L. elongata and wild species with similar life histories.