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Tumour necrosis factor-α stimulates HIV-1 replication in single-cycle infection of human term placental villi fragments in a time, viral dose and envelope dependent manner
- Source :
- Retrovirology, Vol 3, Iss 1, p 36 (2006)
- Publication Year :
- 2006
- Publisher :
- BMC, 2006.
-
Abstract
- Abstract Background The placenta plays an important role in the control of in utero HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Proinflammatory cytokines in the placental environment are particularly implicated in this control. We thus investigated the effect of TNF-α on HIV-1 expression in human placental tissues in vitro. Results Human placental chorionic villi fragments were infected with varying doses of luciferase reporter HIV-1 pseudotypes with the R5, X4-Env or the vesicular stomatitis virus protein G (VSV-G). Histocultures were then performed in the presence or absence of recombinant human TNF-α. Luciferase activity was measured at different time points in cell lysates or on whole fragments using ex vivo imaging systems. A significant increase in viral expression was detected in placental fragments infected with 0.2 ng of p24 antigen/fragment (P = 0.002) of VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 in the presence of TNF-α seen after 120 hours of culture. A time independent significant increase of viral expression by TNF-α was observed with higher doses of VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1. When placental fragments were infected with R5-Env pseudotyped HIV-1, a low level of HIV expression at 168 hours of culture was detected for 3 of the 5 placentas tested, with no statistically significant enhancement by TNF-α. Infection with X4-Env pseudotyped HIV-1 did not lead to any detectable luciferase activity at any time point in the absence or in the presence of TNF-α. Conclusion TNF-α in the placental environment increases HIV-1 expression and could facilitate MTCT of HIV-1, particularly in an inflammatory context.
- Subjects :
- Immunologic diseases. Allergy
RC581-607
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 17424690 and 12109436
- Volume :
- 3
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Retrovirology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.90c27b121094364b481ea7cc2626dc5
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-3-36