Back to Search Start Over

Plasma Metabolite Response to Simple, Refined and Unrefined Carbohydrate-Enriched Diets in Older Adults—Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

Authors :
Neil K. Huang
Nirupa R. Matthan
Gregory Matuszek
Alice H. Lichtenstein
Source :
Metabolites, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 547 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Food intake data collected using subjective tools are prone to inaccuracies and biases. An objective assessment of food intake, such as metabolomic profiling, may offer a more accurate method if unique metabolites can be identified. To explore this option, we used samples generated from a randomized and controlled cross-over trial during which participants (N = 10; 65 ± 8 year, BMI, 29.8 ± 3.2 kg/m2) consumed each of the three diets enriched in different types of carbohydrate. Plasma metabolite concentrations were measured at the end of each diet phase using gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Participants were provided, in random order, with diets enriched in three carbohydrate types (simple carbohydrate (SC), refined carbohydrate (RC) and unrefined carbohydrate (URC)) for 4.5 weeks per phase and separated by two-week washout periods. Data were analyzed using partial least square-discrimination analysis, receiver operating characteristics (ROC curve) and hierarchical analysis. Among the known metabolites, 3-methylhistidine, phenylethylamine, cysteine, betaine and pipecolic acid were identified as biomarkers in the URC diet compared to the RC diet, and the later three metabolites were differentiated and compared to SC diet. Hierarchical analysis indicated that the plasma metabolites at the end of each diet phase were more strongly clustered by the participant than the carbohydrate type. Hence, although differences in plasma metabolite concentrations were observed after participants consumed diets differing in carbohydrate type, individual variation was a stronger predictor of plasma metabolite concentrations than dietary carbohydrate type. These findings limited the potential of metabolic profiling to address this variable.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22181989
Volume :
12
Issue :
6
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Metabolites
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.90bb4d37f7ba4f5489b49dbdab1bdcf5
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12060547