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The Oncolytic Caprine Herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) Induces Apoptosis and Synergizes with Cisplatin in Mesothelioma Cell Lines: A New Potential Virotherapy Approach

Authors :
Iris Maria Forte
Paola Indovina
Serena Montagnaro
Aurora Costa
Carmelina Antonella Iannuzzi
Francesca Capone
Rosa Camerlingo
Anna Maria Malfitano
Francesca Pentimalli
Gianmarco Ferrara
Massimiliamo Quintiliani
Giuseppe Portella
Antonio Giordano
Roberto Ciarcia
Source :
Viruses, Vol 13, Iss 12, p 2458 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive asbestos-related cancer, against which no curative modalities exist. Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach, for which MM is an ideal candidate; indeed, the pleural location provides direct access for the intra-tumoral injection of oncolytic viruses (OVs). Some non-human OVs offer advantages over human OVs, including the non-pathogenicity in humans and the absence of pre-existing immunity. We previously showed that caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1), a non-pathogenic virus for humans, can kill different human cancer cell lines. Here, we assessed CpHV-1 effects on MM (NCI-H28, MSTO, NCI-H2052) and non-tumor mesothelial (MET-5A) cells. We found that CpHV-1 reduced cell viability and clonogenic potential in all MM cell lines without affecting non-tumor cells, in which, indeed, we did not detect intracellular viral DNA after treatment. In particular, CpHV-1 induced MM cell apoptosis and accumulation in G0/G1 or S cell cycle phases. Moreover, CpHV-1 strongly synergized with cisplatin, the drug currently used in MM chemotherapy, and this agent combination did not affect normal mesothelial cells. Although further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the selective CpHV-1 action on MM cells, our data suggest that the CpHV-1-cisplatin combination could be a feasible strategy against MM.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
19994915
Volume :
13
Issue :
12
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Viruses
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.8f3394d13d974c7ca2da05c47c64a3d5
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/v13122458