Construction and validation of a line chart for gestational diabetes mellitus based on clinical indicators

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of mid–to-late pregnancy. Here, we constructed a predictive model for GDM based on a combination of clinical characteristics and relevant serum markers. Methods Data from full-term singleton vaginal deliveries from January 2022 to January 2023 were retrospectively collected from the obstetrics department. The data collected were segregated and assigned to training, validation, and external test sets. Maternal demographic characteristics, living and working habits, and haematological indicators, such as liver function and lipids were collected using a questionnaire designed for the study. The “rms” package in R was used to explore GDM-associated factors through stepwise regression at P 0.05. The ROC curve AUCs for the three groups were 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89–0.97), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.62–0.81), and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.53–0.83), respectively. Conclusion In this study, a GDM prediction model was constructed to achieve high performance in GDM risk prediction based on routine obstetric tests and information.