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Sustained Release of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 through Alginate Microbeads Enhances Bone Regeneration in Rabbit Tibial Metaphyseal Defect Model
- Source :
- Materials, Vol 14, Iss 10, p 2600 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is widely used to enhance bone regeneration. However, because of its short half-life and rapid disappearance, large amounts of BMP-2 are needed, leading to unintended side effects. In this study, BMP-2-encapsulated alginate microbeads (AM) were used to enhance bone regeneration. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay confirmed the sustained release of BMP-2 from AM. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-adsorbing aptamer-conjugated hydroxyapatite (Apt-HA) was used for osteoconduction and dual delivery of VEGF and BMP-2. For in vivo bone regeneration evaluation, the grafts (1) Apt-HA + phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), (2) Apt-HA + AM without BMP-2, (3) Apt-HA + BMP-2, and (4) Apt-HA + AM encapsulated with BMP-2 were implanted into rabbit tibial metaphyseal defects. After four weeks, micro-computed tomography (CT), histological, and histomorphometric analyses were performed to evaluate bone regeneration. The Apt-HA + AM with BMP-2 group revealed a significantly higher new bone volume and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) in both cortical and trabecular bone than the others. Furthermore, as evaluated by histomorphometric analysis, BMP-2 AM exhibited a significantly higher bone formation area than the others, indicating that AM could be used to efficiently deliver BMP-2 through sustained release. Moreover, the combined application of BMP-2-encapsulated Apt-HA + AM may effectively promote bone regeneration.
- Subjects :
- bone morphogenetic protein-2
alginate microbeads
bone regeneration
sustained release
controlled release
Technology
Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering
TK1-9971
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
TA1-2040
Microscopy
QH201-278.5
Descriptive and experimental mechanics
QC120-168.85
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19961944
- Volume :
- 14
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Materials
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.8d5cf9960e0c4316a4af7027a39f5861
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14102600