Use of artificial insemination in dairy herds in Northwestern Rio-grandense, Brazil

Background: The use of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cattle has a direct impact on productivity through genetic improvement and, indirectly, by other technologies that allow for better expression of the genetic potential. Objective: To determine the association between the use of AI and other factors on productive performance of dairy cows. Methods: The study assessed AI impact on 195 dairy farms through the application of structured questionnaires to farmers. Analysis of variance (GLM) was used to evaluate herd milk production and farm size. Multivariate analysis was performed to observe the degree of association between AI and production. Four clusters were formed according to production traits and farm size. Results: Clusters showed high discrimination (90%). Principal factors explained 70% of the variance between clusters. The variables that best explained the variation between clusters were Lactating cows per year, Monthly milk production, Farm area and Total cows. The correspondence analyzes showed that AI use is associated with higher production levels and investment in nutrition, management, genetics, and technology. Conclusion: The use of AI enhances production by increasing productivity and enables greater gains per liter of milk marketed.