Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL) : Histories, Accomplishments, Problems and Its Comparisons

China has a long history in library classifications, although modern classifications did not emerge until one hundred years ago when the Western classifications were introduced into the country. The Classification for Chinese Libraries (CCL) was developed after years of collective work. The purposes of this article are to review the ancient history and modern efforts in developing Chinese library classifications, examine the organizations, accomplishments and problems of the CCL especially in the areas of philosophy and social sciences, and compare the CCL with the Library of Congress Classification (LCC) in terms of their structures.