Effects of Sea Reclamation on Marine Environment and Biological Resources and Related Countermeasures

In order to alleviate the contradiction between human and land, and expand the city living space, the sea reclamation activities have been developed rapidly in a short time. However, while the reclamation projects have brought remarkable economic benefits, they have caused a lot of negative effects on marine environment and biological resources in the coastal areas.In this paper,the threats of sea reclamation activities on marine hydrological dynamic conditions, water quality, disaster prevention and mitigation were analyzed, and the damages to biodiversity, habitat protection and ecosystem service function value were discussed. The practical countermeasures were put forward, such as improving the management system of national policies and regulations on sea reclamation, strengthening research on ecological restoration planning, and establishing a system for assessing the impact of land reclamation on the ecological environment.