Clinical-epidemiological aspects of patients from the Niquero municipality with allergic diseases

Background: the frequency and type of allergic diseases vary according to the environmental, social and economic conditions of each country, in addition to the genetic characteristics of its population. Objective: to describe clinical-epidemiological aspects of patients with allergic diseases assisted at the University Polyclinic "Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" in the municipality of Niquero, Granma, Cuba, from January to June 2022. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study was performed in the polyclinic allergy service and during the time period previously declared. The study population consisted of 625 patients aged 5 years and over, diagnosed with allergic diseases, who underwent total serum IgE. The variables evaluated were: age, sex, origin, personal history of allergic disorders and total serum IgE. The data were analyzed according to descriptive statistics. Results: patients aged between 5 and 19 years predominated (49.76 %), female sex (61.12 %) and urban origin (68.96 %) of patients. Bronchial asthma (69.60 %), allergic rhinitis (30.56 %) and atopic dermatitis (10.24 %) were the most significant pathologies. A predominance of normal values of total IgE was identified in 62.88 % of participants. Conclusions: the clinical-epidemiological characteristics related to allergic diseases in the municipality of Niquero were similar to those reported in other national studies.