Microstructure and mechanical properties of cast Mg-15Al-xNd alloy by permanent mold

To improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of Mg-15Al magnesium alloy, different amounts (from 0 to 4.0wt.%) of Nd were added to the alloy and six Mg-15Al-xNd alloys were prepared by metal mould casting. The effect of Nd content on microstructure of the alloys was investigated by means of OM, SEM, EDS, TEM, and XRD. The tensile properties were tested at room temperature (RT) and high temperature (473 K). The results indicate that the primary α-Mg dendrite is significantly refined with the addition of Nd. The best refinement is reached at 1.0wt.% Nd content and the average dendrite arm spacing decreases from 80-100 μm (without Nd addition) to ~20 μm. A further increase in Nd content leads to the coarsening of the primary α-Mg dendrite. The addition of Nd improves the tensile properties of Mg-15Al both at RT and 473 K. The Mg-15Al alloy containing 1.0wt.% Nd exhibits the best tensile properties. Compared with the alloy without Nd, the yield and ultimate tensile strength of the Mg-15Al-1.0Nd alloy at RT increase from 132.3 to 148.6 MPa and 152.3 to 189.6 MPa, increase by 12.3% and 24.5%, respectively; and the elongation at RT increases from 0.05 % to 1.24%. The yield and tensile strength of the alloy at 473 K increase from 97.9 to 115.3 MPa and 121.6 to 140.1 MPa, increase by 15.2% and 20%, respectively. Further increment of Nd content to 1.5wt.% degrades the tensile properties, which is ascribed to grain coarsening and growth of the Al-Nd phase.