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The Role of Soluble CD163 (sCD163) in Human Physiology and Pathophysiology

Authors :
Andriana Plevriti
Margarita Lamprou
Eleni Mourkogianni
Nikolaos Skoulas
Maria Giannakopoulou
Md Sanaullah Sajib
Zhiyong Wang
George Mattheolabakis
Antonios Chatzigeorgiou
Antonia Marazioti
Constantinos M. Mikelis
Source :
Cells, Vol 13, Iss 20, p 1679 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is a circulating inflammatory mediator, indicative of acute and chronic, systemic and non-systemic inflammatory conditions. It is the cleavage outcome, consisting of almost the entire extracellular domain, of the CD163, a receptor expressed in monocytic lineages. Its expression is proportional to the abundance of CD163+ macrophages. Various mechanisms trigger the shedding of the CD163 receptor or the accumulation of CD163-expressing macrophages, inducing the sCD163 concentration in the circulation and bodily fluids. The activities of sCD163 range from hemoglobin (Hb) scavenging, macrophage marker, decoy receptor for cytokines, participation in immune defense mechanisms, and paracrine effects in various tissues, including the endothelium. It is an established marker of macrophage activation and thus participates in many diseases, including chronic inflammatory conditions, such as atherosclerosis, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis; acute inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis, hepatitis, and malaria; insulin resistance; diabetes; and tumors. The sCD163 levels have been correlated with the severity, stage of the disease, and clinical outcome for many of these conditions. This review article summarizes the expression and role of sCD163 and its precursor protein, CD163, outlines the sCD163 generation mechanisms, the biological activities, and the known underlying molecular mechanisms, with an emphasis on its impact on the endothelium and its contribution in the pathophysiology of human diseases.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20734409
Volume :
13
Issue :
20
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Cells
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.86798af9b4cd6a3042764451dc486
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/cells13201679