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Variation in both host defense and prior herbivory can alter plant-vector-virus interactions
- Source :
- BMC Plant Biology, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2019)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- BMC, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Abstract Background While virus-vector-host interactions have been a major focus of both basic and applied ecological research, little is known about how different levels of plant defense interact with prior herbivory to affect these relationships. We used genetically-modified strains of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varying in the jasmonic acid (JA) plant defense pathways to explore how plant defense and prior herbivory affects a plant virus (tomato yellow leaf curl virus, ‘TYLCV’), its vector (the whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED), and the host. Results Virus-free MED preferred low-JA over high-JA plants and had lower fitness on high-JA plants. Viruliferous MED preferred low-JA plants but their survival was unaffected by JA levels. While virus-free MED did not lower plant JA levels, viruliferous MED decreased both JA levels and the expression of JA-related genes. Infestation by viruliferous MED reduced plant JA levels. In preference tests, neither virus-free nor viruliferous MED discriminated among JA-varying plants previously exposed to virus-free MED. However, both virus-free and viruliferous MED preferred low-JA plant genotypes when choosing between plants that had both been previously exposed to viruliferous MED. The enhanced preference for low-JA genotypes appears linked to the volatile compound neophytadiene, which was found only in whitefly-infested plants and at concentrations inversely related to plant JA levels. Conclusions Our findings illustrate how plant defense can interact with prior herbivory to affect both a plant virus and its whitefly vector, and confirm the induction of neophytadiene by MED. The apparent attraction of MED to neophytadiene may prove useful in pest detection and management.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14712229
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- BMC Plant Biology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.8637cd2743f442fa8e00f3b951bf95f1
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-019-2178-z