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Gluten-Free Diet Alters the Gut Microbiome in Women with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Authors :
Aleksandra Rodziewicz
Adrian Szewczyk
Ewa Bryl
Source :
Nutrients, Vol 16, Iss 5, p 685 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

The gut microbiome may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Diet has a critical impact on the gut microbiome, and it has been shown that a gluten-free diet can negatively affect its composition. A gluten-free diet is popular among patients, and therefore the aim of this study was to check whether it affects thyroid function and gut microbiome composition in AIT. Thirty-one women with AIT complied with a gluten-free diet for 8 weeks. After the first 4 weeks, participants were divided into two groups: the first group received gluten in capsules and the other oneā€”rice starch (placebo). Blood and stool samples were examined before diet (T0), after 4 weeks (T1) and after 8 weeks of diet (T2). The only significant difference in blood parameters was observed between T1 and T2 in the placebo group for the thyroid peroxidase antibody level. After the first 4 weeks, a significant increase in Desulfobacterota, Proteobacteria, Prevotella and Parasutterella and a significant decrease in Actinobacteriota, Coriobacteriaceae and Bifidobacterium were observed. The detected microbiome alterations may indicate increasing inflammation; however, further research is required, and for now, a gluten-free diet should be used cautiously in AIT.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20726643
Volume :
16
Issue :
5
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Nutrients
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.85e630024745d387fd746629f4e23b
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050685