Associations of serum uric acid with cardiovascular disease risk factors: a retrospective cohort study in southeastern China

Objective To evaluate the associations between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, focusing on potential sex-specific differences.Design A retrospective cohort study.Setting A large community-based survey was conducted every two years from 2010 to 2018 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, outheastern China.Participants 6119 participants aged 40 years and above who underwent at least three times of physical examinations were enrolled.Methods Participants were categorised into four groups (Q1–Q4) based on baseline SUA quartiles within the normal range, with hyperuricaemia (HUA) as the fifth group. The Q1 was the reference. By stratifying participants by gender, the relationships between SUA levels and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and total cholesterol (TC) were investigated using linear regression models in the generalised estimating equation. Additionally, the associations of elevated SUA levels and HUA with hypertension, hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia were correspondingly examined using multivariate logistic regression models.Results After adjusting for confounding variables, we found positive associations between SUA levels and SBP, DBP, FBG and TC in women, and with TC in men (p