Recent progress in biomass-derived carbon for alkali metal-sulfur and selenium batteries

This review explores recent advancements in using biomass-derived materials for alkali metal-sulfur and selenium batteries, which are rapidly evolving in the field of high-energy–density storage systems. At the core of our discussion is the utilization of biomass-derived carbon (BDCs), emphasizing its vital role in enhancing the performance of these batteries. We examine the applications of carbon derived from biomass as hosts, extending our exploration beyond lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries to include a broader range of alkali metal combinations with sulfur and selenium. We emphasize the rational design and strategic use of biomass-derived materials in addressing challenges such as polysulfide and polyselenide dissolution and slow redox kinetics. The review highlights how these carbon materials contribute to high energy density and long cycling lifespans in sulfur and selenium-based batteries, enhancing stability and efficiency. Concluding with a forward-looking perspective, it identifies the ongoing need for innovation in biomass-derived carbon applications to advance alkali metal-sulfur and selenium batteries’ capabilities.