Cu and Al2O3-based hybrid nanofluid flow through a porous cavity

In this study, the (Cu and Al2O3/water) hybrid nanofluid flow is carried out in a porous cavity. The thermophysical structures of solid materials are used from the available literature to improve the thermal performance of the base fluid. The mathematical model as a porous cavity is mainly used in the distillation process and is vital for the storage of thermal energy. The magnetic field is also employed perpendicular to the flow field and the impact of the magnetic parameter examined versus fluid motion. Similarity variables are used to transform governing equations as simplified partial differential equations. The model is solved using the control volume-based finite element method. Boussinesq–Darcy force is employed for the motion of the fluid flow, and the Koo–Kleinstreuer–Li model is used to assess the characteristics of the hybrid nanofluids. The roles of the Hartmann number, Rayleigh number, porosity factor in the porous medium, and drag fin improve traditional fluids’ thermal distribution presentation. Recent results predict that the two different kinds of nanoparticles speed up the heat transfer through the porous cavity. The percentage analysis shows that the hybrid nanofluids (Cu and Al2O3/water) are prominent in improving traditional fluids’ thermal distribution. Finally, the grid sensitivity test is also carried out for hybrid nanoparticles to demonstrate that the results are asymptotically coherent.