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A Systematic Observational Study on Galactic Interstellar Ratio 18O/17O. II. C18O and C17O J = 2–1 Data Analysis
- Source :
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, Vol 268, Iss 2, p 56 (2023)
- Publication Year :
- 2023
- Publisher :
- IOP Publishing, 2023.
-
Abstract
- To investigate the relative amount of ejecta from high-mass versus intermediate-mass stars and to trace the chemical evolution of the Galaxy, we have performed a systematic study of Galactic interstellar ^18 O/ ^17 O ratios toward a sample of 421 molecular clouds with IRAM 30 m and the 10 m Submillimeter Telescope, covering a galactocentric distance range of ∼1–22 kpc. The results presented in this paper are based on the J = 2–1 transition and encompass 364 sources showing both C ^18 O and C ^17 O detections. The previously suggested ^18 O/ ^17 O gradient is confirmed. For the 41 sources detected with both facilities, good agreement is obtained. A correlation of the ^18 O/ ^17 O ratios with heliocentric distance is not found, indicating that beam dilution and linear beam sizes are not relevant. For the subsample of IRAM 30 m high-mass star-forming regions with accurate parallax distances, an unweighted fit gives ^18 O/ ^17 O = (0.12 ± 0.02) R _GC + (2.38 ± 0.13) with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.67. While the slope is consistent with our J = 1–0 measurement, the ratios are systematically lower. This should be caused by larger optical depths of C ^18 O 2–1 lines with respect to the corresponding 1–0 transitions, which is supported by RADEX calculations and the fact that C ^18 O/C ^17 O is positively correlated with ^13 CO/C ^18 O. When we consider that optical depth effects with C ^18 O J = 2–1 typically reach an optical depth of ∼0.5, the corrected ^18 O/ ^17 O ratios from the J = 1–0 and J = 2–1 lines are consistent. A good numerical fit to the data is provided by the MWG-12 model, which includes both rotating stars and novae.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15384365 and 00670049
- Volume :
- 268
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.835c1c3eb7bf46eab021e1582a57c245
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acee6b