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Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress

Authors :
Saulo Samuel Carneiro Praxedes
Miguel Ferreira Neto
Aline Torquato Loiola
Fernanda Jessica Queiroz Santos
Bianca Fernandes Umbelino
Luderlândio de Andrade Silva
Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira
Alberto Soares de Melo
Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda
Pedro Dantas Fernandes
Nildo da Silva Dias
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá
Source :
Plants, Vol 11, Iss 14, p 1863 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

Cowpea is the main subsistence crop—protein source—for the Brazilian semi-arid region. The use of salt-stress-tolerant varieties can improve crop yields. We evaluated the effect of irrigation with brackish water on the growth, photosynthetic responses, production, and tolerance of fifteen traditional varieties of cowpea. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in a 15 × 2 factorial scheme, composed of 15 traditional varieties of cowpea and two salinity levels of irrigation water (0.5 and 4.5 dS m−1), with five replicates. Plants were grown in pots containing 10 dm3 of soil for 80 days. The reduction in the photosynthetic rate of cowpea varieties occurs mainly due to the decrease in stomatal conductance caused by salt stress. Salt stress increased the electron transport rate and photochemical quenching of cowpea varieties, but stress-tolerant varieties increased the CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. The Ceará, Costela de Vaca, Pingo de Ouro, Ovo de Peru, and Sempre Verde varieties are tolerant to salt stress. Salt stress decreases 26% of the production of tolerant varieties to salt stress and 54% of susceptible varieties. The present findings show the existence of variability for saline stress tolerance in traditional varieties of cowpea and that Ceará, Costela de Vaca, Pingo de Ouro, and Ovo de Peru varieties are more suitable for crops irrigated with saline water.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22237747
Volume :
11
Issue :
14
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Plants
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.8326e16b80ac47f3a8f734ca1770411a
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11141863