The predictive value of nontraditional lipid parameters for intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: a hospital-based observational study in China

Abstract Background Ischemic strokes are primarily caused by intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Nontraditional lipid parameters broaden traditional lipid profiles, better reflect the metabolism and interaction between different lipid components, and optimize the predictive ability of lipid profiles for atherosclerotic diseases. This research was carried out to investigate the predictive value of nontraditional lipid parameters for intracranial or extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. Methods The investigation collected data from inpatients who underwent cervical vascular ultrasonography, carotid CTA, cerebral artery CTA or MRA, and brain MRI or CT from December 2014 to December 2021. The nontraditional lipid parameters were calculated by collecting traditional lipid parameters. To evaluate the predictive power of nontraditional lipid parameters, logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were performed. Results Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 545 patients were included. According to the imaging results, inpatients were divided into two groups, including no intracranial or extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (n = 250) and intracranial or extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (AS, n = 295). Among them, AS was further divided into three subgroups: intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ECAS) and combined intracranial and extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (IECAS). Logistic regression analysis showed that nontraditional lipid parameters, including the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), remnant cholesterol (RC), nonhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), lipoprotein combine index (LCI), atherogenic coefficient (AC), Castelli’s index-I (CRI-I) and Castelli’s index-II (CRI-II), were significantly correlated with intracranial or extracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (P