Incidence and risk factor analysis of neovascular glaucoma following vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Abstract To investigate the incidence and risk factors for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Patients were categorized into two subgroups based on their treatment regimen: one group received vitrectomy only (Group 1), while the other received combined phacovitrectomy (Group 2). A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the distinguishing characteristics of the two groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine the incidence of NVG following surgery. Furthermore, multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with the development of NVG after surgery. A total of 484 eyes of 484 patients were included in the study. When comparing Group 1 with Group 2, a significant difference was observed in the occurrence of NVG. In Group 1, there were 10 cases of NVG (3.9%), whereas 29 cases of NVG occurred in Group 2 (12.71%). Male sex, high preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), and combined phacovitrectomy were found to be associated with the occurrence of NVG following phacovitrectomy. Higher creatinine levels had a protective effect in preventing the development of NVG. Male sex, high preoperative IOP, and combined phacovitrectomy were associated with a high incidence of NVG. Explore strategies to prevent NVG is important when performing combined phacovitrectomy in patients with PDR.