Recent Advances of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Based Therapies

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which were initially isolated from the aspirate of human fat by Zuk et al, are considered as an attractive cell source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cell-based therapies. Due to their easily accessible, broader sources of multipotent cells and stronger ability for amplification in vitro, ADSCs have attracted considerable attention and curiosity from both scientific and clinical communities for their potential mechanisms in future stem cell treatments. Furthermore, their promising therapeutic characteristics were the unique ability of immunosuppression, secretory function and the potential for multi-directional differentiation. With more research efforts made to understand their effects on both scientific and clinical fields, ADSCs possess great potential as a future therapeutic strategy in treatment for widely various diseases. Therefore, this review intends to lay stress on the clinical application of ADSCs and their advancement in clinical trials across a variety of medical disciplines. Due to their advantages in various fields, ADSCs have a strong potential for application in future stem cell treatments and are beneficial for allogenic transplantation treatments. ADSCs may be considered as an alternative in cell transplantation and tissue engineering clinical treatments.