Development of a 'Green' Paper-Based Voltammetric Platform for the On-Site Assay of Tl(I)

In this work, a “green” electrochemical paper-based device (ePAD) for the voltammetric determination of Tl(I) is described. A mini voltammetric cell was patterned on chromatographic paper by using screen printing to deposit three carbon electrodes and plotting with hydrophobic ink to form a circular assay zone. The sample was added to the assay zone (which was pre-loaded with Bi(III)) and Tl(I) was quantified using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The experimental conditions and potential interferences were studied. The limit of detection was at the low μg L−1 level, indicating that these devices can serve successfully as fit-for-purpose disposable voltammetric sensors for Tl(I).