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Durability of Humoral and Cellular Immunity after an Extended Primary Series with Heterologous Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Prime-Boost and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in Dialysis Patients (ICON3)

Authors :
Sarinya Boongird
Chavachol Setthaudom
Rungthiwa Kitpermkiat
Somsak Prasongtanakij
Supanart Srisala
Piyatida Chuengsaman
Arkom Nongnuch
Montira Assanatham
Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul
Kumthorn Malathum
Angsana Phuphuakrat
Jackrapong Bruminhent
Source :
Vaccines, Vol 10, Iss 7, p 1064 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

The durability of a three-dose extended primary series of COVID-19 vaccine in dialysis patients remains unknown. Here, we assessed dynamic changes in SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after the extended primary series in 29 hemodialyzed (HD), 28 peritoneal dialyzed (PD) patients, and 14 healthy controls. Participants received two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine followed by a dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. At 6 months, median anti-RBD IgG titers (IQR) significantly declined from baseline in the HD (1741 (1136–3083) BAU/mL vs. 373 (188–607) BAU/mL) and PD (1093 (617–1911) BAU/mL vs. 180 (126–320) BAU/mL) groups, as did the mean percent inhibition of neutralizing antibodies (HD: 96% vs. 81%; PD: 95% vs. 73%) (all p < 0.01). Age and post-vaccination serological response intensity were predictors of early humoral seroprotection loss. In contrast, cell-mediated immunity remained unchanged. In conclusion, humoral immunity declined substantially in dialysis patients, while cell-mediated immunity remained stable 6 months after the extended heterologous primary series of two inactivated SARS-CoV-2/ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. A booster dose could be considered in dialysis patients 3 months after this unique regimen, particularly in the elderly or those with a modest initial humoral response.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2076393X
Volume :
10
Issue :
7
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Vaccines
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.7e9cec59d681430ca3794372eeb40dbb
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071064