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Cycloaddition of limonene epoxide and CO2 over Zn/SBA-15 catalysts for limonene carbonate synthesis
- Source :
- Journal of CO2 Utilization, Vol 83, Iss , Pp 102817- (2024)
- Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- Elsevier, 2024.
-
Abstract
- The cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with epoxides such as limonene epoxide (LE) to form cyclic carbonates is considered a promising alternative for reducing CO2 emissions. In this work, CO2 fixation on LE to produce cyclic carbonates was carried out over Zn/SBA-15 with tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as co-catalyst and over NH3X-Zn/SBA-15 (X= Cl, Br, or I) catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, TEM, NH3-TPD, XPS, TGA and Py-FTIR. The Zn/SBA-15 support mainly presents Lewis’s acid sites of medium acidity; the surface area was 512 m2/g and 378 m2/g and the pore size were 9 nm and 7.2 nm, for Zn/SBA-15 and NH3Cl-Zn/SBA-15, respectively. The functionalization of Zn/SBA-15 was verified by FTIR, UV-vis, and XPS analysis. It was found that when Zn/SBA-15 was used as catalyst that reaction time had a significative effect on LE conversion and in the case of limonene carbonate selectivity, co-catalyst concentration variation had the main effect. Zn/SBA-15 catalyst can be reused up to 5 times without significant changes neither in conversion nor in limonene carbonate selectivity. The best LE conversion and limonene carbonate selectivity was 33% and 93%, respectively (1 M LE, 200 mg Zn/SBA-15, 7% TBAB; 30 bar, 18 h, 700 rpm and 20 mL diethyl carbonate). The reported catalytic system is a promising system for obtaining limonene carbonate using a heterogeneous catalyst.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22129839
- Volume :
- 83
- Issue :
- 102817-
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Journal of CO2 Utilization
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.7e6d1d973ea1447cabe505fbdfe52f47
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2024.102817