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Diversity of Geophilic Dermatophytes Species in the Soils of Iran; The Significant Preponderance of Nannizzia fulva

Authors :
Simin Taghipour
Mahdi Abastabar
Fahimeh Piri
Elham Aboualigalehdari
Mohammad Reza Jabbari
Hossein Zarrinfar
Sadegh Nouripour-Sisakht
Rasoul Mohammadi
Bahram Ahmadi
Saham Ansari
Farzad Katiraee
Farhad Niknejad
Mojtaba Didehdar
Mehdi Nazeri
Koichi Makimura
Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei
Source :
Journal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 5, p 345 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

A molecular epidemiology study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 by a network of collaborators from 12 provinces in the Islamic Republic of Iran. A total of 1484 soil samples from different habitats were screened for the presence of dermatophytes by using the hair baiting technique. The primary identification of isolates was carried out by amplification and MvaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the internal transcribed spacers regions of ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA). The identifications, especially in the cases of isolates with unknown RFLP patterns, were confirmed by sequencing of the ITS-rDNA region. As a result, 256 isolates were recovered. The isolation rate was higher in soils with pH range 7.1–8.0, collected from animal habitats (n = 78; 34%) and parks and gardens (n = 75; 32%), geographically from Mazandaran Province (n = 115; 49.5%) and seasonally in the spring (n = 129; 50.4%), all of which were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The dermatophytes comprising five species of the two genera, viz., Nannizzia fulva (n = 214), N. gypsea (n = 34), Arthroderma quadrifidum (n = 5), A. gertleri (n = 2) and A. tuberculatum (n = 1), were isolated. The geophilic dermatophytes occurred in various soils from different parts of Iran; however, surprisingly, N. fulva emerged as the dominant species, outnumbering the common geophilic species of N. gypsea. For the definitive identification of soil inhabitant dermatophytes, DNA-based identification is strongly recommended.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
2309608X
Volume :
7
Issue :
5
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Journal of Fungi
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.7e2c4d4695024126be720585879cd291
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7050345