Relationship between the length of macular Bruch's membrane on fundus photograph and myopia occurrence in pre-myopia children aged 3–6 years: A 3-year longitudinal study

Purpose: To evaluate the occurrence and influencing factors of myopia occurrence in pre-myopia children aged 3–6 years. Methods: This study included 204 pre-myopia (-0.50D-0.50D). The length of macular BM was shorter in Myopia group than that in Non-myopia group (P < 0.001). Baseline SE and the length of macular BM were independent influencing factors which associated with myopia occurrence (OR, 0.031; 95 % CI, 0.008–0.117, P < 0.001 and OR, 0.204; 95 % CI, 0.055–0.763, P = 0.018, respectively) by multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. SE changing process represented the changes of SE, Myopia group had bigger SE changes (P < 0.001). And in the multivariate liner regression analysis, age was the common influencing factor of SE changing process in total participants, Non-myopia group and Myopia group (B = 0.234, P < 0.001; B = 0.078, P = 0.010; B = 0.161, P = 0.046, respectively) Conclusions: Initial SE and the length of macular BM in pre-myopia children aged 3–6 years were the independent factors of the occurrence of myopia. And initial age was the common factor that associated with SE changing process.