Logika chronologiczna i jej zastosowania w analizie niektórych rozumowań prawniczych [Chronological logic and its applications in the analysis of some legal reasoning]

The article is devoted to chronological logic and its applications in the analysis of legal reasoning. In Part I of the paper, there is given that time plays an important role in statutory law, in language of the law and in legal language appear many time expressions, and formal logic provides tools to logical analysis of reasoning performed in everyday discourse and in various sciences, also in legal discourse and in legal sciences. There are presented also conditions that temporal systems should satisfy to be used in an analysis of legal reasoning. In Part II of the paper, the origins and the profile of chronological logic are presented. Part III, the last part of the article, presents examples of formalization of some sentences of legal language containing at the time phrase, and of legal reasoning composed of such sentences, by means of symbols occurring in chronological logic. The position presented in the article says that some temporal logic could be used in a logical analysis such legal reasoning that would contain references to time. The main task of chronological logic would be then providing formal language to more precise express statements of legal language containing given time expression (exactly at the time phrase) and to model legal reasoning containing such expression; and also giving tools to evaluate formal correctness of these inferences.