The use of virtual surgical planning and 3D printing in reconstruction of a mandibular symphesial defect, challenges and gains: A case report

Background: Reconstruction of the mandibular defects is a common challenge encountered by the surgeons. The main objectives are restoration of normal contour and orofacial functions. Large symphesial defects notably result in deleterious sequelae and often require a sophisticated intervention. Modern techniques of virtual surgical planning and 3D printing has significantly facilitated the procedure and enhanced the results. However, challenges exist, and complications can occur following errors that potentially happen during different stages of the procedure. Case presentation: A 38-year-old woman presented with extensive ameloblastoma involving the anterior region of the mandible, initially treated by resection and reconstruction with a customized preoperatively contoured reconstruction plate. However, severe loss of anterior projection of the lower jaw followed and necessitated a corrective revision surgery to correct the contour of the mandible. The innovative virtual planning and new prebent reconstruction plate contributed to the esthetic restoration of mandibular contour and promoted a subsequent successful bone reconstruction and dental rehabilitation. Conclusion: Large symphysial defects usually bear a significant challenge to reconstructive surgeons and require specific consideration. Modern techniques have substantially contributed to the surgical practice and enhanced the outcomes. However, thorough preoperative planning, efficient collaboration among involved parties, and experience still constitute key factors in minimizing and managing the complications.